The locate command is used to find files or directories. The locate command is much faster than [find -name] because it does not search for a specific directory, but a database. The syntax is [locate [OPTION] … [PATTERN]…].
locate command:
1. Command introduction
The locate(locate) command is used to find a file or directory. The locate command is much faster than find -name because it does not search a specific directory, but a database /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db. This database contains all local file information. The Linux system automatically creates this database and automatically updates it once a day. Therefore, when we use whereis and locate to find files, we sometimes find deleted data, or just created files, but cannot find them. The reason is because the database file does not have Updated. To avoid this situation, you can use the updatedb command to manually update the database before using locate. The whole locate work is actually composed of four parts:
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/usr/bin/updatedb is mainly used to update the database, through crontab Automatically completed
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/usr/bin/locate query file location
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/etc/updatedb.conf updatedb configuration file
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/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db file for storing file information
2. Usage
locate [OPTION]... [PATTERN]...
3. Options
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-b, --basename match only the base name of path names
-c, --count output only count found
-d, --database DBPATH use the database specified by DBPATH instead of the default database /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db
-e, --existing only print entries for currently existing files
-L, --follow follow trailing symbolic links when checking file existence (default)
-h, --help show help
-i, --ignore-case ignore case
-l, --limit, -n LIMIT limit output (or counting) to LIMIT entries
-m, --mmap ignored, for backward compatibility
-P, --nofollow, -H don't follow trailing symbolic links when checking file existence
-0, --null separate entries with NUL on output
-S, --statistics don't search for entries, print statistics about each used database
-q, --quiet Quiet mode, no error messages will be displayed
-r, --regexp REGEXP use basic regular expressions
--regex use extended regular expressions
-s, --stdio ignored, for backward compatibility
-V, --version display version information
-w, --wholename match whole path name (default)
4. Example
Example 1: Search for all files starting with my in the etc directory
[root@cent6 lib]# locate /etc/my /etc/my.cnf
Example 2: Newly added files cannot be located, use updatedb
[root@cent6 ~]# touch new.txt [root@cent6 ~]# locate new.txt [root@cent6~]#updatedb [root@cent6 ~]# locate new.txt /root/new.txt
Example 3: updatedb configuration file /etc/updatedb.conf
[root@cent6 ~] # cat /etc/updatedb.conf PRUNE_BIND_MOUNTS = "yes" PRUNEFS = "9p afs anon_inodefs auto autofs bdev binfmt_misc cgroup cifs coda configfs cpuset debugfs devpts ecryptfs exofs fuse fusetl gfs gfs2 hugetlbfs inotifyfs iso9660 jffs2 luster mqueue ncpfs nfs nfs4 nfsd pipefs proc ramfs rootfs rpc_pipefs securityfs selinuxfs sfs sockfs sysfs tmpfs ubifs udf usbfs" PRUNENAMES = ".git.hg.svn" PRUNEPATHS = "/afs /media /net /sfs /tmp /udev /var/cache/ccache /var/spool/cups /var/spool/squid /var/tmp"
Related learning Recommendation: linux video tutorial
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